Barabar Caves

Overview

The Barabar Caves are India’s oldest surviving rock-cut caves, dating back to the Mauryan period (3rd century BCE). Nestled in the Barabar Hills of Jehanabad district, these caves are renowned for their polished interiors, perfect arches, and ancient inscriptions.

Learn more about Barabar and its surroundings on our Jehanabad page or explore other Top Cities in Bihar.

Historical Significance

3rd Century BCE: Constructed during Emperor Ashoka’s reign for the Ajivika sect.
Rock Edicts: Inscriptions of Ashoka and his grandson Dasaratha Maurya.
Mauryan Architecture: Mirror-like polish and grand stonework.
Buddhist, Jain & Ajivika Influence: Shared spiritual heritage.

Architectural Features

The Barabar Caves are famed for their precision-cut granite chambers and highly polished surfaces. The caves exhibit remarkable echo effects and are considered masterpieces of ancient Indian engineering.

Four main caves: Lomas Rishi, Sudama, Karan Chaupar, and Visvakarma
Signature horseshoe-shaped facade (Lomas Rishi Cave)
Perfectly smooth interiors with mirror polish
Ancient inscriptions by Mauryan emperors

Spiritual & Cultural Importance

Originally dedicated to the Ajivika sect, the Barabar Caves later became sacred to Buddhists and Jains as well. Their unique echo effect and tranquil setting continue to inspire meditation and spiritual reflection.

Lomas Rishi Cave

The most famous cave, noted for its elaborate arched doorway and facade resembling later Buddhist chaityas.

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Sudama Cave

Known for Ashoka’s inscriptions and exceptional acoustic effects; used by monks for meditation.

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Karan Chaupar Cave

Features a single, polished chamber with a unique rectangular layout.

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Visiting Information

Opening Hours

06:00 AM – 05:00 PM

Entry Fee

₹20 (Indians) | ₹250 (Foreigners)

Best Time to Visit

October – March

How to Reach

By Air: Gaya Airport (47 km), Patna Airport (110 km)
By Train: Nearest station is Gaya Junction (40 km)
By Road: Regular buses/taxis from Gaya and Patna. Roads lead up to Barabar village.

Travel Tips

Wear sturdy shoes; there’s a short trek from the parking area to the caves.
Carry water and sun protection—no shops nearby.
Photography is allowed, but avoid using flash inside caves.
Respect heritage rules—don’t touch or scratch the ancient walls.

Nearby Attractions

Nagarjuni Caves

Another set of rock-cut caves from the Mauryan era, just 1.5 km away.

Learn More

Barabar Hills

Scenic granite hillscapes with trekking opportunities and panoramic views.

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Gaya City

Visit the ancient city of Gaya, home to Vishnupad Temple and Bodh Gaya.

Learn More

Accommodation & Dining

Hotel Buddha Gaya

Modern hotel in Gaya city (40 km), ideal for exploring Barabar and Bodh Gaya.

Jehanabad Rest House

Basic tourist rest house at Jehanabad, convenient for early morning cave visits.

Local Dhaba

Small eateries in Barabar village serve tea, snacks, and simple meals. Better dining options in Gaya city.

Testimonials

“Visiting Barabar Caves was a surreal journey back in time. The silence and polished walls left me awestruck.”

— Ravi Sharma

“A fascinating glimpse of Mauryan architecture. The caves' echo effect is truly unique and mystical.”

— Sneha Patel

“An underrated historical treasure of Bihar. Highly recommend a guided tour to understand the inscriptions.”

— Amitabh Singh

FAQs

Yes, the caves are open all year, but it is best to visit during cooler months (Oct-Mar).

Yes, there is a nominal fee (₹20 for Indian citizens and ₹250 for foreigners).

Yes, licensed guides are available near the entrance, and they provide valuable insights into the caves’ history and architecture.

Overview

Historical Significance

Architectural Features